1. The Road to the Stage’s Revival– A Traditional Culture Revived After Half a Century –

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1.1 The Characteristics of Nishishiogo’s Revolving Stage

The Nishishiogo Revolving Stage” (designated as a Tangible Folk Cultural Property by Ibaraki Prefecture ) is an “assembly-type rural Kabuki stage, with props remaining from the late Edo period” , that has been passed down since the Edo period in the mountain villages of Ibaraki Prefecture. Its greatest feature is that it is an “assembly-type / temporary” structure, which local residents build and dismantle each time. The entire community works together to assemble logs and bamboo, creating a grand stage in a field for just one night. After the performance, it is completely disassembled, only to be newly rebuilt the following year. This rhythm of “transience” and “renewal” is the core of this 200-year-old tradition.

FeaturesThe Nishishiogo Revolving StageRural Kabuki Stages in other regions
StructureAssembly-type / Temporary
(Assembled and disassembled each time)
Permanent
(Permanently installed as a stage)
MaterialsLocal bamboo, logs, and rope are used; no nailsWooden
LocationTemporarily set up outdoors in fields or open spacesOn the grounds of shrines or temples

The Nishishiogo Revolving Stage , which had been passed down and cherished by local and nearby residents since the late Edo period, ceased to be assembled after 1945 (Showa 20). Since then, the custom was interrupted, and its many valuable props were stored away in storehouses, on the verge of being forgotten.

舞台調査時の様子。舞台上手背面より花道の方向を見る/平成4年1月
A scene from the stage survey. View towards the Hanamichi from the back of the “Kamite” (stage right) / January 1992 (Heisei 4).

1.2 The residents of Nishishiogo Who Stood Up to Restore the Stage

Amidst this situation, in 1991 (Heisei 3), the Omiya Town Historical and Folklore Museum (at the time) conducted a survey. This led to a renewed recognition that “The Nishishiogo Revolving Stage” was an extremely valuable cultural property. Taking this as momentum, in 1994 (Heisei 6), remarkably, all 70 households of the Nishishiogo district became members, and the “Nishishiogo Mawari Butai Preservation Association” was established, setting the goals of “restoring the stage” and “learning and passing down the assembly methods.

A scene from the social gathering (Shinbokukai)
after finishing a day’s stage assembly work / 2001 (Heisei 13).

  However, the generation of people who used to perform the assembly had already passed away, and the procedures and methods were completely unknown (a state of fumbling in the dark). On top of that, meetings always fell into disarray regarding how to handle the burden of expenses and labor. The realization of the stage assembly hit a deadlock many times, with sentiments like, “Why do we have to revive a Kabuki stage now, of all times?”

In the midst of this, they had the opportunity to observe an actual assembly, thanks to the cooperation of the Sugao Kumitate Butai Preservation Association in Akiruno City, Tokyo. As they also participated in the National Jishibai(Local Kabuki) Summit and deepened exchanges with Jishibai stakeholders from other regions, a change began to occur in the residents’ mindset. “We want to leave behind a hometown that we and our children can be proud of.” “We want to revive the revolving stage our ancestors left us and connect it to regional revitalization.” — These feelings began to spread.

1.3 The Stage Returns After Half a Century

In October 1997 (Heisei 9), five years after the initial survey began, “The Nishishiogo Revolving Stage” was restored for the first time in approximately 50 years after much trial and error. Despite being only a two-hour performance, it was a great success, drawing a huge crowd of 3,000 spectators. In the autumn of the following year, the stage was assembled again for a “complete revival,” and the 9th National Jishibai Summit was held at the same time. We were able to show off the beautiful assembly-type stage to Jishibai stakeholders who had gathered from all over the country.

In this way, the stage restoration and Jishibai performances have continued, with performances now held, in principle, once every three years. These activities have received high acclaim from many people, and we were awarded the “Suntory Prize for Community Cultural Activities” in 2006, and the 1st Tiffany Foundation “Award for the Preservation of Traditional Arts” in 2008. This is entirely thanks to everyone’s guidance and cooperation. We express our heartfelt gratitude.

1.4 Volunteers Played a Key Role in Revival

Nishishiogo was a small hamlet with a declining birthrate and aging population, and at the time of the revival, the number of households had decreased to 70. Since the stage assembly in 1997 (Heisei 9), the Preservation Association determined that “it would be difficult for Nishishiogo alone to preserve and pass down the stage in the future.”

Volunteers helping with the assembly.
/ 2003 (Heisei 15)

Therefore, from the following year, we began calling for assistance in stage assembly from other regions, and since 2001 (Heisei 13), we have recruited volunteers from an even wider area. As a result of these efforts, by 2006 (Heisei 18), we had over 70 volunteers cooperating in everything from the stage assembly itself to the creation of stage props and costumes, as well as dressing and scene changes on the day of the performance.

The preservation and succession of the stage cannot be achieved without the help of volunteers. The enthusiasm and support of every single volunteer who gathers from beyond regional boundaries is the driving force that connects our stage to the future. With our heartfelt gratitude, we hope to continue expanding this circle of support.

Volunteers carrying out the cut bamboo.
/ 2006 (Heisei 18)

1.5 Preservation Association: A Timeline

・Stage survey by the Omiya Town Historical and Folklore Museum (until Jan. 1992)
・Nishishiogo Mawari Butai Preservation Association established
・”The Nishishiogo Revolving Stage” designated as a Town Tangible Folk Cultural Property
・Observed the assembly of the “Sugao Stage” in Akiruno City, Tokyo (Sugao Kumitate Butai Preservation Association)
・Participated in the National Jishibai Summit (in Tomi City, Nagano Prefecture)
・Submitted activity plan and subsidy application to the town
・The Preservation Association began activities toward assembly and performance
・Timber and bamboo cutting, stage assembly (from Sep.)
・Restoration commemorative performance (late Oct.)
・Stage disassembly (Nov.)
・Revival commemorative performance & 9th National Jishibai Summit (late Oct.)
・Nishiwakaza (local Kabuki troupe) formed and performed
・Designated as an Ibaraki Prefecture Tangible Folk Cultural Property
・Recruited stage assembly volunteers
・1st Regular Performance (late Oct.)
・Shiota Elementary School Children’s Kabuki participated
・Adopted for the Agency for Cultural Affairs’ “Hometown Culture Revitalization Project” (until 2003)
Gidayu, Tokiwazu, and Jishibai succession workshops held
・Stage props maintenance; “The Great Heisei Curtain Project” began
・Children’s Kabuki performed at the “Ibaraki Prefecture Local Folk Performing Arts Gathering”
Gidayu, Tokiwazu, and Jishibai succession workshops held
・Stage props maintenance; Stage assembly succession workshops held
・2nd Regular Performance (late Oct.)
・Children’s Kabuki performed at the “Hometown Culture Children’s Festival in Tokai”
・Received the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Award (at the 3rd Village Traditional Culture Awards)
・Received the Grand Prize (at the 8th Furusato Event Awards)
・Adopted for support by the East Japan Railway Cultural Foundation (until 2018)
・5 towns and villages merged to form Hitachiomiya City (Oct. 6)
・Her Imperial Highness Princess Takamado viewed the Children’s Kabuki
・Children’s Kabuki performed at the “Furusato Kabuki Festival (NHK Hall)” (Feb.)
・Nishiwakaza performed at Tokyo Station Marunouchi North Exit Dome “Marukita Traditional Space” (Sep.)
・Received the 28th Suntory Prize for Community Cultural Activities
・Children’s Kabuki performed at the opening ceremony of the “18th National Lifelong Learning Festival Manabipia Ibaraki” (early Oct.)
・3rd Regular Performance (late Oct.); the Great Heisei Curtain completed
・Received the Ibaraki Image-Up Award (Incentive Award)
・Children’s Kabuki performed at the “Ibaraki Prefecture Local Folk Performing Arts Gathering”
・Children’s Kabuki performed at the “Children’s Folk Performing Arts Exchange Meeting” (in Sakuragawa City)
・Received the 1st The Tiffany Foundation “Award for the Preservation of Traditional Arts”
・The Nishishiogo Revolving Stage served as a satellite venue for the opening ceremony and a Jishibai performance venue for the “23rd National Cultural Festival Ibaraki 2008” (early Nov.)
・Official website for the Nishishiogo Mawari Butai Preservation Association created by students from Ibaraki University’s Faculty of Engineering
・5th Regular Performance (mid-Oct.)

西塩子の回り舞台「常陸大宮市常陸風土記1300年記念芸能公演」、「茨城県郷土民俗芸能のThe Nishishiogo Revolving Stage served as the venue for Hitachiomiya City’s “Hitachi Fudoki 1300th Anniversary Performing Arts” and the “Ibaraki Prefecture Local Folk Performing Arts Gathering” (Children’s Kabuki performance) *Start of stage rentals

・6th Regular Performance (mid-Oct.)

The Nishishiogo Revolving Stage served as the venue for the “Ibaraki Prefecture Local Folk Performing Arts Gathering” (Children’s Kabuki performance) and the “Udabe Music Festival” (a chorus festival of city elementary/junior high school songs by citizens)

・7th Regular Performance, postponed but held (mid-Oct.) after the stage was damaged by Typhoon Hagibis (Reiwa 1 East Japan Typhoon)

The Nishishiogo Revolving Stage served as the venue for the “Ibaraki Prefecture Local Folk Performing Arts Gathering” (Children’s Kabuki performance)

・8th Regular Performance (Oct. 25)
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